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Objective: Evaluate the relationship between peak serum amylase and lipase levels within 30 days after pancreas transplantation and pancreas allograft half-life. Design: Retrospective analysis of de novo pancreas transplants performed from 2002-2011. Data analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis. Setting: University hospital. Patients: 30 consecutive de novo pancreas transplants (21 PAK and 9 SPK). Two cases excluded due to early technical graft loss. Interventions: Not Applicable. Main Outcome Measure(s): Pancreas allograft failure defined as dependence on insulin therapy, high fasting blood glucose, and high HbA1C. Results: Ten pancreas grafts failed over a mean follow-up of 4.5 ± 1.2 years. Pancreas allograft half-life was 7 years. Peak amylase and lipase was associated with increased risk of allograft failure (Chi2=7.52, p=0.0061; Chi2= 5.62, p=0.018, respectively). For every 1 unit increase in amylase, there was a 0.00184 increase in log odds of graft loss. For every 1 unit increase in lipase, there was a 0.00260 increase in log odds of graft loss. The greater the peak amylase and lipase, the shorter the time to graft loss (HR 1.002, 95% CI= 1.00-1.003, p=0.029; HR= 1.002, 95%CI= 1.00-1.005, p=0.025, respectively). For every 100 unit increase in amylase and lipase, there was a 22.12% increase in hazard. Six years after transplantation, peak amylase levels were not predictive of graft failure (HR 1.00, 95% CI= 0.99-1.001). Four years after transplantation, peak lipase levels were not predictive of graft failure (HR 1.00, 95% CI= 0.998-1.002). Conclusions: Peak serum amylase and lipase may be predictive of pancreas allograft half-life with greater levels correlating with shorter time to graft failure. The predictive value of these serum tests decreases as time from transplantation increases.